Switzerland offers one of the most stable real estate markets in the world, but strict rules apply—especially in Geneva—when it comes to purchasing residential property.
Residents vs. Non-Resident
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Swiss citizens and foreigners with permanent residency (C permit) are free to buy residential property without restriction.
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Foreigners with a B permit (residence permit) can generally buy property if they live in Switzerland as their main residence, but may face limitations on secondary homes.
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Non-residents (no Swiss residence permit) are largely restricted from buying residential property. The purchase of holiday homes or investment apartments is tightly controlled.
The “Lex Koller” law
Foreign ownership of Swiss residential real estate is governed by the federal Lex Koller law. It aims to prevent speculation and ensure housing availability for local residents. Geneva applies this law very strictly, meaning opportunities for non-resident buyers are rare.
Exceptions
Some exceptions exist:
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Buying commercial real estate (offices, shops, warehouses) is generally allowed.
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Certain designated tourist zones outside Geneva may allow non-residents to purchase holiday homes, but the supply is extremely limited.
The Bottom Line
In Geneva, only residents—Swiss nationals and foreigners holding valid residence permits—can freely buy residential property. For non-residents, opportunities are limited to specific cases, mostly outside the city.
For investors and expatriates considering a move to Geneva, securing residency is often the first step toward property ownership.